Common Lisp the Language, 2nd Edition
One-dimensional arrays are called vectors in Common Lisp and constitute the type vector (which is therefore a subtype of array). Vectors and lists are collectively considered to be sequences. They differ in that any component of a one-dimensional array can be accessed in constant time, whereas the average component access time for a list is linear in the length of the list; on the other hand, adding a new element to the front of a list takes constant time, whereas the same operation on an array takes time linear in the length of the array.
A general vector (a one-dimensional array that can have any data object as an element but that has no additional paraphernalia) can be notated by notating the components in order, separated by whitespace and surrounded by #( and ). For example:
#(a b c) ;A vector of length 3
#() ;An empty vector
#(2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47)
;A vector containing the primes below 50
Note that when the function read parses this syntax, it always constructs a simple general vector.
Implementations may provide certain specialized representations of arrays for efficiency in the case where all the components are of the same specialized (typically numeric) type. All implementations provide specialized arrays for the cases when the components are characters (or rather, a special subset of the characters); the one-dimensional instances of this specialization are called strings. All implementations are also required to provide specialized arrays of bits, that is, arrays of type (array bit); the one-dimensional instances of this specialization are called bit-vectors.